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1.
An. acad. bras. ciênc ; 90(1): 185-194, Mar. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886919

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The N-salicyloyltryptamine (NST) is an indole derivative compound analogue to the alkaloid N-benzoyltryptamine. In the present study, the antiedematogenic activity of NST was investigated in animal models. Firstly, the acute toxicity for NST was assessed according to the OECD Guideline no. 423. The potential NST-induced antiedematogenic activity was evaluated by carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats, as well as by dextran-, compound 48/80-, histamine-, serotonin-, capsaicine-, and prostaglandin E2-induced paw edema in mice. The effect of NST on compound 48/80-induced ex vivo mast cell degranulation on mice mesenteric bed was investigated. No death or alteration of behavioral parameters was observed after administration of NST (2000 mg/kg, i.p.) during the observation time of 14 days. The NST (100 and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) inhibited the carrageenan-induced edema from the 1st to the 5th hour (**p<0.01; ***p<0.001). The edematogenic activity induced by dextran, compound 48/80, histamine, serotonin, capsaicin, and prostaglandin E2 was inhibited by NST (100 mg/kg, i.p.) throughout the observation period (**p<0.01; ***p<0.001). The pretreatment with NST (50, 100 or 200 mg/kg, i.p) attenuates the compound 48/80-induced mast cell degranulation (**p<0.01; ***p<0.001). Thus, the inhibition of both mast cell degranulation and release of endogenous mediators are probably involved in the NST-induced antiedematogenic effect.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Rats , Tryptamines/pharmacology , Salicylates/pharmacology , Edema/drug therapy , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Peptides/drug effects , Time Factors , Carrageenan , Tryptamines/toxicity , Salicylates/toxicity , Rats, Wistar , Inflammation Mediators , Disease Models, Animal , Edema/chemically induced , Hindlimb , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/toxicity
2.
Biol. Res ; 47: 1-7, 2014. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-710929

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Algesia and inflammation are related with several pathological conditions. It is known that many drugs available for the treatment of these problems cause unwanted side effects. This study was aimed at evaluating acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of Lampaya medicinalis Phil. (Verbenaceae) widely used in the folk medicine of Northern Chile against rheumatism, arthritis and body joints pain. RESULTS: Oral administration of hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) at the highest dose of 3000 mg/ Kg body weight resulted in no mortalities or evidence of significant behavioral changes. Histological examination revealed normal architecture and no significant adverse effects were observed on the liver, kidney, heart, lung or ovaries and testicles. The results suggest that the oral administration of hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) from Lampaya medicinalis did not produce any toxic effect in rats. Hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) significantly inhibited the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema in dose - response relationship, at test doses of 37.5, 75, 150 and 300 mg/Kg body weight. Maximum inhibition (61.98 ± 2.69%) was noted at 300 mg/Kg after 2 h of drug treatment carrageenan induced paw edema, whereas indomethacin produced 47.90 ± 1.16% of inhibition. The inhibitory values of edema at 3 h postcarrageenan were 31.04±0.75%, 40.51 ± 2.36%, 48.97 ± 1.14% and 56.87 ± 0.41% for 37.5, 75, 150, and 300 mg/kg of extract respectively. Indomethacin (10 mg/Kg) gave a percentage inhibition of 49.44 ± 1.44. HAE (300 and 150 mg/kg) induced an anti-inflammatory effect greater than (or comparable) with the effect of indomethacin from 2nd to 4th hours of the experiment. CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal for first time that compounds contained in the hydroalcoholic extract ofLampaya medicinalis Phil exert anti-inflammatory effect and the oral administration is safe and non toxic up to dose level 3000 mg/kg body weight. The anti-inflammatory activity may be associated with the presence of flavonoids. These findings also justify the traditional use of the plant for treating pain.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/toxicity , Edema/drug therapy , Inflammation/drug therapy , Plant Extracts/toxicity , Verbenaceae , Administration, Oral , Alanine Transaminase/blood , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification , Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood , Chile , Carrageenan/administration & dosage , Heart/drug effects , Hindlimb/injuries , Indomethacin/therapeutic use , Kidney/drug effects , Liquid-Liquid Extraction , Liver/drug effects , Lung/drug effects , Medicine, Traditional , Myocardium , Ovary/drug effects , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Testis/drug effects , Toxicity Tests, Acute/methods
3.
Biocell ; 34(3): 95-101, Dec. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-595010

ABSTRACT

Mikania glomerata is a plant used in Brazilian traditional medicine, known as 'guaco'. It possesses anti-inflammatory properties and the aqueous extracts of its leaves are indicated for the treatment of diseases of the respiratory tract. This study aimed at evaluating the antiproliferative and genotoxic effect of Mikania glomerata leaf infusions on the cell cycle of onion. The material used was collected in the native environment from Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Aqueous extracts through infusions were prepared in two concentrations: 4g/L (usual concentration) and 16g/L (4x more concentrated) of each of the populations. Two groups of four onion bulbs for each plant population were used plus a control group. The rootlets were fixed in ethanol-acetic acid (3:1), conserved in ethanol 70% and slides were prepared using the squashing technique colored with orcein 2%. The cells were observed and analyzed during cell cycle. Per group of bulbs, 2000 cells were analyzed, and the mean values of the cell number of each of the phases of the cell cycle were calculated, determining the mitotic index (MI). Statistic analyses of the data were carried out by the x2 ( p= 0.05) test. We conclude that M. glomerata presents both antiproliferative and genotoxic activity.


Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents/toxicity , Cell Cycle , Cytotoxins/toxicity , Mikania/chemistry , Plant Roots/cytology , Plant Roots , Brazil , Onions/cytology , Onions , Plant Extracts/toxicity , Medicine, Traditional , Mitosis , Mutagens/toxicity
4.
Braz. oral res ; 19(2): 99-105, Apr. -June 2005. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-409369

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da injecão de dois agentes flogísticos, ou seja, carragenina ou formalina, na ATM do rato, e a evolucão do quadro inflamatório provocado por essas substâncias. Foram utilizados 45 ratos, divididos em dois grupos experimentais e um grupo controle. Os animais foram sacrificados em lotes de três de cada grupo após três horas, 24 horas, três dias, sete dias e 15 dias da injecão. Histologicamente a reacão inflamatória em ambos os grupos experimentais iniciou-se com infiltrado inflamatório agudo, tornando-se misto e depois crônico. Sinais de hiperplasia da membrana sinovial foram observados aos três dias, intensos aos sete dias, estando presentes aos 15 dias somente no grupo da formalina. A injecão de solucão salina (grupo controle) não provocou reacão inflamatória. No presente trabalho foi concluído que uma injecão local única na região da ATM de carragenina ou de formalina foi suficiente para induzir reacão inflamatória na articulacão e nos tecidos moles periarticulares. As reacões inflamatórias resultantes da injecão desses agentes flogísticos foram semelhantes, mas o grupo da formalina mostrou infiltrado inflamatório mais persistente.


Subject(s)
Rats , Animals , Female , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/toxicity , Arthritis/chemically induced , Carrageenan/toxicity , Formaldehyde/toxicity , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/drug therapy , Temporomandibular Joint/drug effects , Disease Models, Animal , Injections , Inflammation/chemically induced , Rats, Wistar , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/pathology
5.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 50(4): 433-438, out.-dez. 2004. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-392088

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Análise retrospectiva dos registros de toxicidade em humanos envolvendo medicamentos tópicos para tratamento de doenças das vias aéreas superiores (gotas otológicas; medicamentos tópicos nasais; colutórios, pastilhas e aerossóis para afecções da orofaringe). MÉTODOS: Foram selecionadas: 34 marcas comerciais de gotas otológicas, 48 de medicamentos tópicos nasais e 22 de pastilhas, colutórios e aerossóis para afecções orofaríngeas, totalizando 104 medicamentos disponíveis no Brasil. Analisamos os registros do banco de dados eletrônico do Centro de Controle de Intoxicações (CCI-Jabaquara) da Grande São Paulo, no período de janeiro de 1996 a dezembro de 2000 e compilamos os casos relacionados aos fármacos escolhidos. RESULTADOS: Foram relatados ao CCI-Jabaquara, voluntariamente, 10.823 casos de toxicidade de medicamentos em humanos. Remédios tópicos para tratamento de afecções das vias aéreas superiores corresponderam a 291 casos (2,68 por cento), dos quais 240 (82,5 por cento) foram intoxicações; 12 (4,1 por cento) envolveram gotas otológicas; 268 (92 por cento), medicamentos tópicos nasais e 11 (3,9 por cento), medicamentos de uso tópico orofaríngeo. Na categoria dos tópicos nasais, predominaram vasoconstritores (233 casos). Dentre os tópicos para afecções orofaríngeas prevaleceu a tetracaína (quatro casos). Na distribuição por idade, houve preponderância de casos em crianças de um a quatro anos (p=0,0003). As principais circunstâncias da toxicidade foram: ingestão acidental (43 por cento) e erro de administração dos medicamentos (14,8 por cento). Os sintomas mais freqüentes de toxicidade foram hiperreflexia e vômitos. CONCLUSÕES: Houve incidência significativa de toxicidade sistêmica por gotas otológicas, medicamentos tópicos nasais e orofaríngeos em crianças de um a quatro anos de idade, cuja principal causa foi ingestão acidental destes remédios.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Anesthetics, Local/toxicity , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/toxicity , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/toxicity , Nasal Obstruction/drug therapy , Otitis/drug therapy , Brazil , Nasal Obstruction/physiopathology , Otitis/physiopathology , Retrospective Studies
6.
Pediatria (Säo Paulo) ; 20(2): 126-36, abr.-jun. 1998.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-224977

ABSTRACT

Os medicamentos com acao analgesica, antitermica e antiinflamatoria(11) sao muito utilizados em adultos e criancas. Apesar de serem considerados medicamentos seguros, e de muitos analgesicos serem comercializados sem necessidade de prescricao medica, esses farmacos podem causar significantes eventos adversos, especialmente em criancas. Neste artigo, a autora apresenta uma revisao sobre a toxicidade desses medicamentos sobre diversos orgaos e enfatiza que muitos AA comercializados no Brasil ainda nao foram aprovados para uso infantil em outros paises, pois se desconhece a incidencia de seus efeitos adversos


Subject(s)
Humans , Analgesics/toxicity , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/toxicity , Analgesics/classification , Analgesics/adverse effects , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/adverse effects , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/classification , Central Nervous System/drug effects , Digestive System/drug effects , Dipyrone/adverse effects , Kidney/drug effects , Salicylates/adverse effects
7.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-230689

ABSTRACT

Los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINES) son uno de los medicamentos más prescritos en la práctica médica. Debido al volumen de su empleo, los efectos secundarios producidos por su uso son muy frecuentes, en especial sobre el tracto gastrointestinal. En este trabajo se realiza una revisión de los últimos avances en la comprensión y la prevención de la toxicidad por AINES


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/adverse effects , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/toxicity
8.
Rev. invest. clín ; 47(4): 311-3, jul.-ago. 1995. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-161970

ABSTRACT

La ingestión de cumarínicos conduce a hipoprotrombinrmia y diátesis hemorrágica. Se presenta el caso de una paciente quien, después de ingerir una sobredosis de antiinflamatorio (Wobenzym-R), desarrolló hipoprotrombinemia grave, hematuria, sangrado de tubo digestivo y púrpura. La administración de plasma fresco y suplementos de vitamina K resolvió el cuadro en 24 horas. En conejos, se logró demostrar que el fármaco en cuestión era capaz de producir alargamiento del tiempo de protrombina, y en estudios cromatográfico pudo demostrarse un componente compatible con cumarina, por lo que se concluyó que el medicamento estaba posiblemente contaminado por este fármaco. Este informe debe alertar a la comunidad médica sobre la capacidad de este antiinflamatorio de producir hipoprotrombinemia grave


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Humans , Female , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/toxicity , Self Medication/adverse effects , Coumarins/poisoning , Coumarins/toxicity , Drug Contamination , Hemorrhage/chemically induced , Hemorrhagic Disorders/chemically induced , Hemorrhagic Disorders/therapy , Prothrombin Time , Vitamin K/administration & dosage , Warfarin/toxicity
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